1. Endurance lasers support TTL+ with the voltage control in the range of 3.5 – 24V. It means that any voltage in this range will activate the MOSFET and the laser will work. The voltage value does not affect the laser power – it only affects the duration of the signal. For example, TTL will activate the laser at any voltage in this range, at any duty ratio, without changing the laser power.

In other words if you have 3.5V output with 50% duty ratio the laser will work with 50% power and the same will be if you have 24V output pin and 50% duty ratio.

2. If you do not have a separate PWM on your board and you want to control the laser – some boards can have different voltage on a power output, for example your power output can be 0-24V, in this case just connect the TTL wire to the 12V of your FAN0 (sometimes FAN1) and use your existing power output to control the laser.

Most Fan pins have built-in PWM. And it can be easily observed since fans could rotate at different speeds.

3. If you do not have a PWM output but your board is compatible with an Arduino Nano then you may use the D11 output pin as a PWM to control the TTL.

5. On most CNC machines a spindle output or spindle speed output can be used to control the laser power by way of changing the impulse duration or by changing the voltage on the output slot.

In continuous mode, there is the maximum frequency and you can toggle on and off the driver. The laser diode can be modulated at very high speeds. The MOSFETs and their driver must have an upper-frequency limit.