USA Going Solar
Storage Is the Key
Car as Battery Source
Solar Carport no Grid Tie Plug in only.
50 watt limit on solar.
Grid Storage
Solar Hot Water Heating No Permit
COB
Water Tanks As Batteries

 Battery Storage
 PV Prices and Installation
Portable Ground Array
Power Plants overall in the USA waste 65% of the energy they consume.
Energy lost in transmission and distribution: About 6% – 12% in transmission and 4% in distribution.
Typical nuclear power plants achieve efficiencies around 33-37%, (waste around 65%) comparable to fossil fueled power plants. Higher temperature and more modern designs like the Generation IV nuclear reactors could potentially reach above 45% efficiency.
So in the end... The current path at best gives us an overall generation and distribution efficiency of less that 10 pct.


Losses I
Losses II



Local Distribution
#1 Change to 12 0r 24  volts
#2 Conserve
Battery Storage


Super Capacitors for Short Term Storage
Integration With Transportation
Life of Solar Panel  80pct 20 years 
Solar Water Heaters

Example - Solar Energy stored in a 200 US gallons Water Tank

A solar energy water buffer tank with 200 US gallons is heated 200oF.

The solar energy stored can be calculated as

E = (1 Btu/lbmoF) (200 oF) (200 US gallons) (8.3 lbm/US gallon)

    = 332000 Btu  =
97.3 kilowatt hours
Average

0.000293 kilowatt hour per btu

Ambient temperature 70 degrees
Average hot water temperature  120 degrees
Difference 50 degrees
Volume of heater  30 40 50 80 gallon
Temp of water  50 degrees

Amount of energy stored.

120 degrees Temp
 20
 30
 40
 50
 80
50




70





The installation of roof mounted solar heat collectors meeting all of the following criteria will not create a
requirement for structural review or a building permit.
• Total dead load of panels, supports, mountings, raceways and all other appurtenances weighs
no more than four pounds per square foot.
• The total solar collector system weight will not exceed 1,000 pounds.
• Panels are to be mounted no higher than 18” above the plane of the roof to which they are
affixed.
• Supports are installed to spread the dead load across as many roof framing members as
needed to ensure that no point loads in excess of fifty pounds are created.
• All components of the solar collection system must meet the requirements of the UPC.
• Heat exchangers will be double wall with a clear path of heat detection or single wall heat
exchangers must meet all requirements of UPC Appendix L 5.0
• Attachment to the roof will be as specified by the mounting system manufacturer.
• All portions of the system must remain at or below height limitations of any code or regulation
enforced by the City of Bellingham.
• In portions of the City where design review is required for building modifications, such design
review approval must be obtained prior to installation of solar water heating systems.
• Electric permits and inspection approvals are required for all solar water heating systems
installations that connect to the building’s electric system.
• Plumbing permits and inspection approvals are required for all solar water heating systems that
connect to the building’s potable water system.